研究室に入って間もない学生の方向けに、論文の読み方やジャーナルクラブの発表方法について説明しました。ピペットマンの操作を間違えて本体を汚染してしまうケースが見られたので、正しい使用方法についても説明しました💦
Nature volume 539, pages242–247 (2016) Published: 09 November 2016
Evolution of Osteocrin as an activity-regulated factor in the primate brain (進化遺伝学： Osteocrinは霊長類の脳の発生で働く因子である)
Bulent Ataman, Gabriella L. Boulting, David A. Harmin, Marty G. Yang, Mollie Baker-Salisbury, Ee-Lynn Yap, Athar N. Malik, Kevin Mei, Alex A. Rubin, Ivo Spiegel, Ershela Durresi, Nikhil Sharma, Linda S. Hu, Mihovil Pletikos, Eric C. Griffith, Jennifer N. Partlow, Christine R. Stevens, Mazhar Adli, Maria Chahrour, Nenad Sestan, Christopher A. Walsh, Vladimir K. Berezovskii, Margaret S. Livingstone & Michael E. Greenberg
Abstract
Sensory stimuli drive the maturation and function of the mammalian nervous system in part through the activation of gene expression networks that regulate synapse development and plasticity. These networks have primarily been studied in mice, and it is not known whether there are species- or clade-specific activity-regulated genes that control features of brain development and function. Here we use transcriptional profiling of human fetal brain cultures to identify an activity-dependent secreted factor, Osteocrin (OSTN), that is induced by membrane depolarization of human but not mouse neurons. We find that OSTN has been repurposed in primates through the evolutionary acquisition of DNA regulatory elements that bind the activity-regulated transcription factor MEF2. In addition, we demonstrate that OSTN is expressed in primate neocortex and restricts activity-dependent dendritic growth in human neurons. These findings suggest that, in response to sensory input, OSTN regulates features of neuronal structure and function that are unique to primates.
